英文動詞+介系詞的“搭配詞”(collocation)是許多人學習英文時的罩門。介系詞只要搭配錯誤就可能讓您弄錯上下文的涵義,例如:
“You want your employees to work with you, not for you.”
以上例句裡的動詞 “work” 後面用介系詞 “with” 和 “for”,意思就不同(“work with” = 一起工作,而 “work for” = 為某人/某公司效力)。
熟記 “動詞搭配介系詞” 的用法能使您的英文寫作能力突飛猛進。以下介紹二十個常見的搭配用法:
- Rely on(依賴、依靠、依仗)
- The success of this project relies on everyone making an effort.(這個專案計劃的成功要靠每個人的努力。)
- Congratulate on(祝賀、慶賀、恭喜)
- I was just congratulating Amy on having won her race.(我那時正在祝賀艾咪賽跑獲勝。)
- Disagree with(持異議、反對)
- I’m afraid I have to disagree with you on that issue.(關於那個問題,恐怕我不能同意您的看法。)
- Deal with {(尤指工作上)與…打交道,對付}
- She’s used to dealing with difficult customers.(她已經習慣了與難纏的顧客打交道。)
- Comply with(服從、遵守、依從)
- There are serious penalties for failure to comply with the regulations.(不遵守規定者將受到嚴懲。)
- Prepare for(準備、預備、把…準備好、使預備好)
- Have you prepared for your interview? (你做好面試的準備了嗎?)
- Apologize for(道歉、認錯、謝罪)
- Trains may be subject to delay—we apologize for any inconvenience caused.(列車可能會延誤,如果給您造成任何不便,我們在此謹致歉意。)
- Search for(搜查、搜索)
- The police searched the woods for the missing boy.(員警在樹林中搜尋失蹤的男孩。)
- Suffer from(受苦、受折磨)
- She has been suffering from cancer for two years.(她受癌症所苦已經兩年了。 )
- Infer from(推斷、推論、推理)
- What do you infer from her refusal?(你從她的拒絕中能推斷出甚麼?)
- Resign from {辭職、辭去(職務)、放棄(工作)}
- He resigned from the company in order to take a more challenging job.(他從這家公司辭職以便能夠從事更有挑戰性的工作。)
- Reply to(回答、回覆、答覆)
- I try to reply to letters the day I receive them.(我儘量在收到信的當天就回信。)
- Lead to(導致、引起)
- Reducing speed limits should lead to fewer deaths on the roads.(降低限速可以減少交通死亡人數。)
- Adapt to {使適應不同情況(或用途)}
- We had to adapt our plans to fit Jack’s timetable.(我們不得不改變我們的計劃來遷就傑克的時間安排。)
- Boast about(自吹自擂、吹噓、誇耀)
- Parents enjoy boasting about their children’s achievements.(父母喜歡誇耀子女所取得的成績。 )
- Forget about(忘記、遺忘)
- I completely forgot about Jenny’s party.(我完全忘記了珍妮的派對。)
- Participate in(參與、參加)
- She never participates in any of our discussions, does she?(她從不參加我們的任何討論,不是嗎?)
- Confide in {向…傾訴、向…吐露情感(或秘密)}
- She’s nice, but I don’t feel I can confide in her.(她人很好,但我還是覺得我不能對她推心置腹。)
- Aim at {(使)瞄準、(使)對準、以...為目的}
- This anti-smoking campaign is mainly aimed at young teenagers.(這場反吸菸運動主要是針對青少年的。)
- Stare at {(尤指驚訝、害怕或思考時)盯著看、凝視、注視}
- Don’t stare at people like that, it’s rude.(不要那樣盯著人看,很不禮貌。)