問題：
「請問如何在文中引用圖表？」
- 香港某大學化學系博士生
回答：
根據您的攻讀專業，先以此本《Scientific Style and Format: The Manual for Authors Editors, and Publishers》（第七版，第586頁）一書中的說明為您解釋概念。該書表示，文中圖表應使用括號來引用。若目標期刊要求使用該格式，請依序檢查論文所有的圖表引用格式，並視需求修改。以下提供幾個修改範例：
原句：
Figures 1 and 2 show the X-ray photoelectron spectra of the nanoparticle-coated surface before and after oxidation, respectively. Before oxidation, a peak for metallic Ti was observed; whereas after oxidation, broad peaks due to a mixed Ti oxide phase were observed.
修改後：
Before oxidation, a peak for metallic Ti was observed in the X-ray photoelectron spectrum of the nanoparticle-coated surface (Fig. 1); whereas after oxidation, broad peaks due to a mixed Ti oxide phase were observed (Fig. 2).
原句：
Figure 1 shows the peak after oxidation at 700 K. The peak was observed at 459.2 eV.
修改後：
After oxidation at 700 K, the peak was observed at 459.2 eV (Fig. 1).
原句：
Figure 4 shows the Arrhenius plot for the exchange reaction. The activation energy of the reaction was determined to be 36 kJ/mol from the slope of the plot.
修改後：
From the slope of Arrhenius plot for the exchange reaction (Fig. 4), we determined the activation energy of the reaction to be 36 kJ/mol.
原句：
Figure 3 shows the 1H–1H COSY correlations (Figure 3). From these correlations, it was possible to establish five partial structures.
修改後：
From the 1H–1H COSY correlations (Fig. 3), we established five partial structures.
原句：
The levels of COX-2 expression in the presence and absence of terpenoid 4 are shown in Figures 6 and 7, respectively. COX-2 expression in the presence of 4 was markedly reduced relative to expression in the absence of 4.
修改後：
COX-2 expression in the presence of terpenoid 4 (Fig. 6) was markedly reduced relative to expression in the absence of 4 (Fig. 7).
依據上述範例，可以發現原本的句子先列出表格編號並說明實驗結果，而修改後的句子則只有描述實驗結果，並在後方加上括號附註圖表編號，方便讀者檢視相應圖表。此方式可促使讀者將重點放在實驗結果，而非圖表編號。此外，您一定也注意到了，修改後的句子更加精簡，以括號引用圖表的撰寫方式也可以方便讀者更快找到相對應的圖表。
註：《Scientific Style and Format: The Manual for Authors Editors, and Publishers》該手冊目前已為第八版，可參考：https://www.scientificstyleandformat.org/Home.html。
